Mollusc on the move; First record of the Newfoundland’s razor clam, Ensis terranovensis Vierna & Martínez-Lage, 2012 (Mollusca; Pharidae) outside its native range
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In recent years the number of non-indigenous marine species has been increasing in Icelandic waters.In May 2019, a razor shell (Ensis sp.) was found for the first time in Iceland.Since then, living and empty razor shells have been discovered at several locations in Southwest Iceland.Upon morphological examination, the specimens were thought to belong to either Ensis leei or Ensis terranovensis, both native to the east coast of North America.Molecular analysis, using COI and 16S rRNA markers, showed that the Icelandic specimens belong to the latter species.Native populations of Ensis terranovensis have, until now, only been reported in Newfoundland, Canada.This represents the first record of E. terranovensis outside its native range.The Newfoundland's razor shell has most likely arrived in Iceland as larvae discharged with ballast water.Based on the sizes of specimens found in Iceland, the species is likely to have arrived several years prior to this first record.Presumably it has already established viable spawning populations that are likely to spread along the coast.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.023 | 0.011 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".