A Pulsewidth Modulation Based Double Integral Sliding Mode Controller for Class-D Amplifiers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In recent years, sliding mode control (SMC) has become more feasible for power electronic converters. One variation of SMC is double integral sliding mode control (DISMC), which has shown good regulation of output voltage, minimum steady-state error, and fast dynamic response to load variation. However, DISMC was rarely applied to class-D amplifiers, and the biggest challenge for applying it to class-D is the stability condition. It becomes more complex than DC-DC converters in which the reference signal is constant and the system’s dynamics at steady state are zero. On the other hand, a class-D amplifier’s reference is a time-varying signal and the system’s dynamics at steady-state are not zero anymore. In this paper, a detailed stability analysis of a PWM-based DISMC for a class-D amplifier is conducted, and controller gains are derived. Simulation results validate the stability of a class-D amplifier that uses DISMC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".