Radar Observations of the Arid Meteor Shower Outburst from Comet 15P/Finlay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We report on observations of the anticipated, first time occurrence, Arid meteor shower produced by comet 15P/Finlay. This comet, which has not been noteworthy for over a century, produced two major outbursts of activity during perihelion passage between 2014 December and 2015 January. Various authors predicted that Earth would cross the resulting ejecta on 2021 October 6–7 UT with a radiant in the constellation Ara, optimally placed to be observed from the Southern Hemisphere. We observed two outbursts using the Southern Argentina Agile Meteor Radar-Orbital System: one on 2021 September 29 and a second more dominant peak on 2021 October 7, centered around α = 260.°34, δ = −57.°63 and α = 255.°01, δ = −48.°47, respectively. The 6.5 mag limit flux and zenithal hourly rates were 0.073 meteors km−2 hr−1 and 491 hr−1, respectively. The time of occurrence of the two detected peaks are in good agreement with predictions of this shower reported by several authors, confirming the validity of the models used for the predictions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".