Roles of ageing on the physical, chemical and mechanical parameters of a prototype municipal solid waste
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study is mainly aimed at exploring effects of the aging-induced chemical decomposition of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) on the shear response and physical properties of locally available MSW of Fars province, Iran, at its in-situ condition. To this end, a large direct shear device (1×1×1.1 m3) is designed, fabricated and employed to evaluate the parameters of the failure envelop at plane strain condition representing slopes of engineered landfills. Bulk disturbed samples of fresh MSW are exhumed from an operational disposal site to be implemented into the study and subsequently remolded in the large-scale shear box. Four drained shear tests are performed under a variety of vertical stresses. Next, intact components of MSW are landfilled over a period of 3, 6, and 9 months. Similar shear experiments are conducted at the end of each mentioned time interval. Mechanical behavior of MSW is completely frictional and internal friction angle of the studied MSW non-linearly increases with time from 44.2º to 55.7º. The stress-strain response is almost bilinear over a wide range of displacement. The decomposition process is further clarified in light of results of pH tests conducted on the leachate of the MSW at the end of various landfilling time intervals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".