Bibliographic record
Abstract
Wilfred Cantwell Smith was respected throughout the scholarly world for his important contributions to Islamic Studies, comparative relig ion, and theology of religions.Bom 21 July 1916, he died in Toronto on 7 February 2000.He was 83.n image that symbolizes the fundamental thrust of Wilfred Cantwell Smith's approach to the study of human religiousness was evoked by my first encounter with him.It took place more than five decades ago when I was at McGill University.Charles Taylor (later to become Canada's pre-eminent social philosopher) had al ready discovered Smith and urged me to hear this new and stimulat ing professor.We trekked over to Divinity Hall only to find that on that day the lecture was being given not by Smith but by Tim Buck, the head of the Canadian Communist Party.This seeming anomaly sheds light on the definition of religion and the approach to religious studies that were already operative in Smith's approach to the study of religion.First, it revealed Wilfred's conviction that the heart of religion is not a reified, systematic entity encapsulated in doctrinal, sociological, liturgical, or ethical formulae.To these historical deposits he gave the name "cumulative tradition."Rather, religion (or, as he later came to prefer, "personal faith") at its deepest level is a quality of persons' lives.This living faith results from the participation of persons in a historical tradition in whose meaning they recognize cosmic truth and the values commensurate with it, and to which they commit AFC, The Journal of the Faculty of Religious Studies, McGill, 28, 2000, 179-182
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.192 | 0.107 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".