Investigating the deformation characteristics of balloon-type CLT shearwall
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Balloon-type cross-laminated timber (CLT) shearwalls represent a valuable alternative to traditional platform-type construction for use as lateral load resisting systems in mid-rise mass timber buildings. Limited information is available on the behaviour of balloon-type shearwalls, and the system is not included in design codes and standards. The research aims to investigate the lateral deformation contribution and kinematic behaviour of balloon-type CLT shearwall system. A simplified analytical model to establish the lateral displacement of shearwalls is presented and discussed. The methodology involves a validated finite element model, and the result of sensitivity analysis is used to develop the analytical model. The study revealed that the stiffness of hold-downs and vertical joints, and aspect ratio of panels and vertical loads are contributing factors influencing lateral stiffness. The proposed analytical model was verified against 45 cases implemented in numerical models yielding an average error in the prediction of top lateral displacement of less than 4.7%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".