Uptake and Persistence on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Female Sex Workers and Men Having Sex with Men in Kigali, Rwanda: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study Design
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Although HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is known for its effectiveness in preventing HIV transmission; there is a global rise in HIV infection rates, particularly prominent in sub-Saharan Africa. This health concern is mostly evident among high-risk groups, namely Female Sex Workers (FSWs) and Men who have Sex with Men (MSMs), both of whom are more susceptible to sexually transmissible infections. This research examined the persistence, uptake, and associated predictors of PrEP utilization within the FSW and MSM populations. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted involving 4872 individuals from the FSW and MSM groups who were enrolled in a PrEP program across 10 health centers participating in a pilot initiative. The study population was subject to a year-long follow-up period commencing on March 1st, 2019. To evaluate the determinants of PrEP utilization within FSW and MSM groups, bivariate logistic analyses and multivariate logistic regression models were employed. Results: The findings revealed that the occurrence of PrEP uptake was 45.55% (n=2219) among FSWs and 35.42% (n=17 participants) among MSM. Regarding PrEP persistence, MSM (88.24%, n=15 participants) presented higher PrEP proportion than FSWs (78.5%, n=1742 women). Our findings disclosed that individuals aged 25-34 years (aOR=0.82; 95% CI=0.72-0.93, p=0.002), 35-44 years (aOR=0.83; 95% CI=0.71-0.97, p=0.017), and 55 years and older (OR=0.14; 95% CI=0.04-0.48, p=0.002) exhibited lower likelihoods of having low PrEP uptake than those aged 15-19 years. Moreover, individuals residing with their families (aOR=0.71; 95% CI=0.58-0.87, p<0.001), living with roommates (aOR=0.7; 95% CI=0.5-0.97, p=0.032) displayed lower odds for experiencing low PrEP uptake than their counterparts living alone. Conclusion: This study highlighted the low uptake of PrEP among participants when compared to previous studies. These results revealed significant influences of age and living conditions on PrEP usage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Direct model labels (unvalidated)
Per-model category and study-design labels from the labeling rounds. They are machine output, unvalidated, and the disagreement between models ships as data. No study design here is MEDLINE-validated yet.
| Model arm | Categories | Study design | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| gemma | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Observational | low |
| gpt | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Observational | low |
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedLabeled directly by 2 models reading the full record.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".