Sleep Deprivation Does Not Influence Whole-body Heat Loss During Exercise-Heat Stress In Young Men
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sleep deprivation has long been thought to modulate thermoregulatory function. Consequently, sleep-deprived individuals may be more vulnerable during exercise-heat stress due to impaired heat dissipation associated with reductions in sweating and skin blood flow. However, the effect of sleep deprivation on heat loss responses remains equivocal. Further, no study to our knowledge has evaluated whether differences caused corresponding changes in whole-body dry and evaporative heat exchange. PURPOSE: We evaluated whether 24-h of sleep deprivation modulates the relative contribution of whole-body dry and evaporative heat exchange during exercise-heat stress in young men. METHODS: On separate days, following a period of either normal sleep or 24-h of sleep deprivation, eight young men (mean [SD], age: 22 [3] years), completed three 30-min bouts of exercise at increasing fixed rates of metabolic heat production of 150, 200, 250 W·m-2 (to maintain a fixed thermal drive for heat loss), each separated by 15-min rest, in hot, dry conditions (40 °C, 15% relative humidity). Rates (W·m-2) of whole-body total heat loss (THL, dry + evaporative heat loss, via direct calorimetry), metabolic heat production (via indirect calorimetry) and change in core (rectal) temperature (ΔTrec, difference from pre-exercise resting) were measured continuously and expressed as peak responses (mean of final 5 minutes of exercise at the highest metabolic heat production). Responses between conditions were compared using paired t-tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: No differences in whole-body dry (-52 [8] and -47 [9] W·m-2) and evaporative heat loss (270 [15] and 264 [12] W·m-2) were observed between normal sleep and sleep deprived conditions respectively (all p > 0.05). Similarly, no significant change in whole-body THL was observed between conditions (218 [10] and 217 [16] W·m-2), respectively (p > 0.05). Consequently, ΔTrec was not different between the normal sleep and sleep deprived conditions (1.0 [0.2] and 1.1 [0.2] °C), respectively (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings show that the contribution of whole-body dry and evaporative heat exchange on the resulting changes in whole-body THL during exercise-heat stress is not affected by 24-h of sleep deprivation in young men. FUNDING: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".