India's Hand-knotted Carpet Industry in the Post-Reforms Era: Export Performances and Challenges
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using the UN Comtrade database this chapter analyzes the trends in hand-knotted carpet (carpet) exports from India from 1990 to 2013. Apart from the showcasing, the exports value trends, the volume of carpet exports and the average price realized in each of the carpet importing country too have been analyzed. A comparison of trends in the carpet exports of India vis-a-vis other major carpet exporting countries has also been attempted. After a brief description of the carpet industry from the Mughal period to the end of pre-reforms era in 1990, the chapter discusses the export performances of the carpet industry in the post-reforms period from 1990 to 2013. To boost exports from India, beginning early 1990s, the policy a planners of India unleashed a number of economic reforms measures. Prior to the introduction of the reforms process in India in 1990, the USA, Germany, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Netherlands and Canada were the major importers of carpets from India.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.012 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".