Hybrid coordination scheme based on fuzzy inference mechanism for residential charging of electric vehicles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The charging of electric vehicles (EVs) at residential premises is orchestrated through either centralized or decentralized control mechanisms. The former emphasizes adherence to power grid constraints, employing demand management techniques to restrict EV charging when the aggregated demand exceeds a predetermined threshold, which may result in user discontentment. Conversely, the latter endows EV users with the authority to self-regulate their charging behavior to optimize cost, allowing a multitude of interconnected EVs to charge during the same off-peak window. However, this decentralized approach gives rise to the herding problem, wherein a simultaneous surge in EV charging during off-peak periods burdens the power grid, leading to potential system overloads. This paper presents a hybrid coordinating scheme that integrates a fuzzy inference mechanism to synergistically blend the merits of centralized and decentralized coordinations. The proposed hybrid coordination scheme aims to minimize peak load, alleviate herding, and optimize charging costs while ensuring adherence to EV users’ charging obligations at the lowest feasible expense. The problem is formulated with the introduction of a novel fuzzy objective function and subsequently resolved through the fuzzy inference mechanism. The fuzzy inference encapsulates independent and uncertain price profiles, consumption load patterns, and state-of-charge data collected from the power grid, households, and EV domains, which are effectively integrated into weighted variables for the requesting EVs. The proposed hybrid coordinating scheme leverages weighted variables to optimize the objective function, enabling the determination of an optimal charging schedule that satisfies the charging requirements of the requesting EVs, while adhering to stringent power grid operational constraints and minimizing charging costs. To assess the efficacy of the hybrid coordination scheme, we conducted two meticulous case studies employing the IEEE 34 bus system as a testbed, thoroughly evaluating performance metrics encompassing charging cost, load profile impact, and peak-to-average ratio. The results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed hybrid coordination scheme compared to alternative charging strategies, including uncoordinated charging, standard-rate charging, time-of-use charging, and two-layer decentralized approaches.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".