Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Risk Assessment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Traditional methods of risk assessment for thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) based on aneurysm size alone have been called into question as being unreliable in predicting complications. Biomechanical function of aortic tissue may be a better predictor of risk, but it is difficult to determine in vivo. This study investigates using a machine learning (ML) model as a correlative measure of energy loss, a measure of TAA biomechanical function. Biaxial tensile testing was performed on resected TAA tissue collected from patients undergoing surgery. The energy loss of the tissue was calculated and used as the representative output. Input parameters were collected from clinical assessments including observations from medical scans and genetic paneling. Four ML algorithms including Gaussian process regression were trained in Matlab. A total of 158 patients were considered (mean age 62 years, range 22-89 years, 78% male), including 11 healthy controls. The mean ascending aortic diameter was 47 ± 10 mm, with 46% having a bicuspid aortic valve. The best-performing model was found to give a greater correlative measure to energy loss (R2 = 0.63) than the surprisingly poor performance of aortic diameter (R2 = 0.26) and indexed aortic size (R2 = 0.32). An echocardiogram-derived stiffness metric was investigated on a smaller subcohort of 67 patients as an additional input, improving the correlative performance from R2 = 0.46 to R2 = 0.62. A preliminary set of models demonstrated the ability of a ML algorithm to improve prediction of the mechanical function of TAA tissue. This model can use clinical data to provide additional information for risk stratification.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".