Enhancement in the Rate of CO<sub>2</sub> Photoreduction Using Divalent Strontium Cation (Sr<sup>2+</sup>) Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotube Arrays
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We explored the selective surface doping of anodically formed TiO 2 nanotube arrays (TNTAs) with divalent Sr 2+ cations using an electrochemical cathodization process in order to modify the basicity of the surface and modify the interactions of the surface with vapor phase CO 2 . The resulting Sr-doped TNTAs showed a 3-fold increase in CO 2 photoreduction activity. Characterization using a broad suite of bulk- and surface-sensitive characterization techniques revealed the doped Sr atoms to be widely dispersed on the surface. Our results show a way forward to achieve single atom catalysts using cathodic doping of TiO 2 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".