Sustainability in a Sand-Depleted World: Identifying Barriers to Adoption of Sand Substitutes
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The global sand crisis has gained considerable attention among environmentalists over the last few years, and the United Nations has proposed some initiatives to reduce the use of river sand. Despite the existence of a number of promising sustainable alternatives to alluvial sand, there has been little effort to implement those initiatives in the construction industry. This paper attempts to develop a better understanding of barriers and challenges related to the adoption of sustainable substitutes for sand in the construction industry. An online survey designed by the authors was distributed among construction industry professionals located in 35 US states and 7 Canadian provinces. The findings from 344 respondents show that different stakeholders in construction have different priorities and concerns when it comes to sustainable sand substitutes, with some focusing more on the technical and practical aspects, while others focus more on the long-term and environmental aspects. Keywords: : Construction industry, sand crisis, barriers, awareness, sand substitutes
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it