Design-truck ultimate limit states of buried modular polymer stormwater collection structures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Modular polymer stormwater structures are a relatively new class of buried structure with two horizontal platens supported by vertical columns. While structural demand at design truck loads has been quantified, the ultimate limit state to design truck loading is unknown. Full-scale physical experiments were conducted to quantify the applied load and identify the mode(s) of failure at the ultimate limit state of three types of modular structures when buried (with 0.6 m soil cover) and subject to static design truck loading. All three module types tested reached an ultimate limit state at applied loads around three times the nominal design load but had different modes of failure. The ultimate resistance for the module with columns having the lowest moment of inertia relative to length squared was caused by column buckling and top platen rupture, while the two modules with nearly twice the moment of inertia relative to length squared failed by top platen rupture and their column forces at most were 70%–75% of their short-term single column buckling resistance. The results provide new data to allow independent load rating of the buried structure, support continued assessment of column buckling, and identify the need to limit platen bending deflections.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".