Homogeneous Vacancies-Enhanced Orbital Hybridization for Selective and Efficient CO<sub>2</sub>-to-CO Electrocatalysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Crafting vacancies offers an efficient route to upgrade the selectivity and productivity of nanomaterials for CO 2 electroreduction. However, defective nanoelectrocatalysts bear catalytically active vacancies mostly on their surface, with the rest of the interior atoms adiaphorous for CO 2 -to-product conversion. Herein, taking nanosilver as a prototype, we arouse the catalytic ability of internal atoms by creating homogeneous vacancies realized via electrochemical reconstruction of silver halides. The homogeneous vacancies-rich nanosilver, compared to the surface vacancies-dominated counterpart, features a more positive d-band center to trigger an intensified hybridization of the Ag_d orbital with the C_P orbital of the *COOH intermediate, leading to an accelerated CO 2 -to-CO transformation. These structural and electronic merits allow a large-area (9 cm –2 ) electrode to generate nearly pure CO with a CO/H 2 Faradaic efficiency ratio of 6932 at an applied current of 7.5 A. These findings highlight the potential of designing new-type defects in realizing the industrialization of electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".