Role of Saudi Universities in Spreading the Culture of Social Responsibility Based on the Experiences of Malaysian and Canadian Universities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aim. This research paper aims to identify the role of Saudi universities in spreading the culture of social responsibility based on the experiences of Malaysian and Canadian universities. Methods. The author adopted the descriptive analytical approach based on the literature review and analysing the experiences of Saudi, Malaysian, and Canadian universities. Results. The results showed that the Saudi Ministry of Education should play its role in institutionalising social responsibility in Saudi universities and the higher education sector, e.g., promoting social responsibility practices at universities as a part of the ministry’s strategy. Conclusion. In the light of the results obtained the officials of Saudi universities can benefit from the experience of Malaysian and Canadian universities to spread the culture of social responsibility. This research recommends raising the awareness of university students of the importance of university social responsibility as a strategy to motivate them to participate in various community activities and programmes. Originality. This research is considered one of the fewest studies that analysed the experiences of Saudi, Malaysian, and Canadian universities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".