Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dual resonance is one of the great miracles of string theory. At a fundamental level, it implies that the particles exchanged in different channels are subtly equivalent. Furthermore, it is inextricably linked to the property of exceptionally tame high-energy behavior. In this paper, we present explicit, closed-form expressions for a new class of dual resonant amplitudes describing an infinite tower of spins for an arbitrary mass spectrum. In particular, the input of our construction is a user-defined, fully customizable choice of masses. The resulting ``bespoke'' amplitudes are well behaved in the ultraviolet and analytic except at simple poles whose residues are polynomial in the momentum transfer, in accordance with locality. The absence of branch cuts can be seen using Newton's identities, but can also be made manifest by expressing the amplitudes as a simple $d\mathrm{log}$ integral of the Veneziano amplitude that remaps the linear Regge trajectories of the string to a tunable spectrum. We identify open regions of parameter space that firmly deviate from string theory but nevertheless comport with partial wave unitarity. Last but not least, we generalize our construction to the scattering of any number of particles in terms of a $d\mathrm{log}$ transform of the Koba-Nielsen worldsheet integral formula.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".