Additive Manufacturability and Parametric Studies on an Extended Three-Dimensional Re-Entrant Auxetic Structure with Angled Struts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Auxetic honeycomb structures have been applied in lightweight sandwich structure and impact energy absorption applications due to their unique deformation performance. Based on the traditional two-dimensional reentrant honeycomb structure, a modified three-dimensional (3D) reentrant lattice structure with negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) is proposed. The studies on fabrication and design parameters are conducted, leading to a new understanding of the effects of these parameters on the printing quality and mechanical properties of such lattice structure with reentrant diagonal struts. Additive manufacturing (AM), specifically laser powder bed fusion, is used to fabricate five groups of 18Ni350 Maraging Steel samples with different geometric and printing parameters. The compression test is conducted to obtain the effects of NPR on the quasi-static stress-strain relationship of the proposed structure. The results show that smaller hatch distance and scan speed for 3D printing process can lead to less porosity level and more complete printing, resulting in larger stiffness and yield strength of the structure. The preferred AM process variables to improve structural quality with thin angled struts (diameter ≤0.5 mm) are presented. Moreover, with the help of the tuned finite element model based on experimental results, parametric analysis is conducted to confirm the effect of design parameters, including reentrant angle, strut cross-section shape, and size, on the compressive properties of the structure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".