Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plant cell walls considered largely inert structural supports were mostly ignored by biologists for centuries and are now recognized as sophisticated biosensors that can modulate plant growth and development and in response to (a)biotic stresses (Geitmann, 2024).The cell wall is an integral yet external component of every plant cell.Its components are synthesized in the endo-membrane system (non-cellulosic polysaccharides and pectins), the plasma membrane (cellulose, callose & mixed linkage glucans (MLGs)), and within the wall (lignins), and then largely assembled into a complex biphasic biocomposite outside of the plasma membrane in the extracellular milieu (Doblin et al., 2024).The primary wall (deposited during cellular expansion) constitutes mostly a polysaccharide-based extracellular matrix with minor, but important, glycoproteins whereas most secondary walls (laid down when expansion ceases) also contain significant levels (approx.30%) of a heterocyclic hydrophobic polymer, lignin.Depending on cell type, plant species, developmental stage, and environmental conditions, the wall can be as thin as 100 nm and pliable, or it is many micrometers thick and stiffened through a variety of chemical processes linking polymers and macromolecules conveying visco-elastic material properties.In developing tissues, cell walls must be strong enough to resist turgor pressure, yet flexible enough to allow plant growth via cell expansion (Höfte and Vissenberg, 2024).In vascular tissues such as xylem, the walls of dead cells must resist negative pressures created by evaporation and compressive stress induced by gravity.The tunability of the cell wall properties as well as the combination of strength and flexibility make plant cell walls versatile biomaterials and design platforms for complex synthetic composities.Plant cell walls are also an important sink for atmospheric carbon as they their synthesis utilizes CO 2 captured during photosynthesis.The role of cell walls in the context of human and livestock nutrition, their use for construction and consumables in form of wood, paper, and fiber, and the possibility of the cell wall's macromolecules to be converted to bioplastics and biofuels highlights the importance of understanding how they are formed and assembled.This focus issue and the accompanying online collection bring together a series of update articles summarizing recent exciting developments in plant sciences and a number of original research papers that illustrate the leading edge of ongoing investigations.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".