Synthetic Applications of Photochemically Generated Radicals from Protic C(sp<sup>3</sup>)−H Bonds
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The utilization of photo‐induced processes in C−H functionalization via radical pathways has emerged as a highly promising strategy for the preparation and modification of complex organic compounds. While current methods for generating carbon‐centred radicals from C−H bonds primarily focus on hydridic C−H bonds to yield nucleophilic radical species, the reactivity and potential applications of electrophilic radicals derived from protic C−H bonds remain largely unexplored. In this review, we aim to shed light on the seminal findings regarding the activation of protic C(sp 3 )−H bonds while also showcasing noteworthy examples of this radical formation process. Mechanistically diverse modes of activation are discussed, unified by proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) concepts.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it