Network Traffic Classification Using Distributed ML-Based Data Parallelization Approach
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The large datasets related to network traffic flow classification in the internet benefit machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models for more accurate classification, which is used in many applications such as in detecting traffic anomaly for prevention of potential cyber-attacks. Data Parallelization allows for faster training times on large datasets as shown in our results, and it is also beneficial in the cloud-edge environment by allowing efficient distribution of computation and data across multiple nodes. We deployed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), advanced hybrid Convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM), Convolutional GRU (ConvGRU), and XGBoost algorithm using Data Parallelization approach. The experimental setup was implemented in the cloud and parallel training was executed using Nvidia Tesla Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Lastly comparison of the performance metric results is presented between the non-parallel centralized (single node) and data parallel distributed approaches.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".