Generalized hydro-mechanically coupled hypoplastic constitutive model for unsaturated collapsible soils
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, a generalized hypoplastic constitutive model for unsaturated soils is presented. The constitutive model is formulated in terms of effective stresses, degree of saturation, and suction. A feature of the model is the introduction of a limiting surface (LS) in hypoplasticity, allowing for the description of the maximum achievable void ratio as a function of mean effective stress and degree of saturation. The LS allows to capture the wetting-induced collapse of initially unsaturated soils. Contrary to other models, a concept of curved normal compression lines without limiting the range of applicable stresses is proposed. The performance of the proposed model is demonstrated by back-calculation of a well-documented experimental study on over 30 samples of compacted Pearl clay under isotropic as well as triaxial loading conditions over a wide range of stresses and void ratios. For this purpose, the proposed model is coupled with a hypoplastic model for the soil–water retention curve, which interrelates the effective degree of saturation with the suction and the void ratio.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".