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Metamaterial Based Sensor Using Fractal Hilbert Structure for Liquid Characterization

2023· article· en· W4388038994 on OpenAlexaff
Mohammad Alibakhshikenari, Taha A. Elwi, Lida Kouhalvandi, Zaid A. Abdul Hassain, Bal S. Virdee, Mohammad Soruri, Nurhan Türker Tokan, Naser Ojaroudi Parchin, Chan Hwang See, Patrizia Livreri, Iyad Dayoub, Sonia Aı̈ssa, Ernesto Limiti

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicMicrowave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques
Canadian institutionsInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique
FundersUniversidad Carlos III de Madrid
KeywordsFractalMetamaterialMaterials scienceSensitivity (control systems)MicrowaveAcousticsBandwidth (computing)Tunable metamaterialsOptoelectronicsElectronic engineeringComputer sciencePhysicsEngineeringTelecommunicationsMathematicsMathematical analysis

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In this work, a simple and efficient approach is presented to design a metamaterial based sensitive sensor for liquid characterization. The proposed sensor based on the Hilbert structure has a compacted size of $40\times 60\times 1.6 \mathrm{mm}^{3}$. The Hilbert curve is used to enhance the sensitivity of the sensor by increasing the interaction area with the sample tested. The simulation studies are carried out by using the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The resonant frequency of the proposed sensor is about 0.46 GHz. The resonant frequency has shifted approximately 30 MHz after the receptacle is printed on the sensor surface. The proposed sensor has successfully detected different samples of liquids. The variations of the resonant frequency, scattering parameters, bandwidth and quality factor of different samples are discussed.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.189
Threshold uncertainty score0.452

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.027
GPT teacher head0.240
Teacher spread0.213 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations7
Published2023
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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