Experimental Development of an Innovative Approach to Enhance the Strength of Early Age Cemented Paste Backfill: A Preliminary Investigation of Microwave-Assisted Curing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In underground mining, the application of mine backfill has evolved into a standard practice. Mine backfill typically consists of tailings, water, and hydraulic binders. However, the high cost of binders has prompted scholars to research alternatives to reduce this cost while maintaining or even improving the properties of the backfill. One potential alternative is leveraging microwave irradiation. In this study, an innovative approach was developed to increase the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of early age cemented paste backfill (CPB). Microwave treatment was applied to CPB samples at various curing ages for varying durations. The UCS and ultrasonic pulse velocities were measured and analyzed in an experiment with a full factorial design. Moreover, the microstructural properties of the CPB were investigated using mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results indicate a significant potential to increase the UCS of CPB by up to 25% when microwave-treating samples for 8 min after 7 days of curing. This approach could shorten mining cycle times and improve productivity, presenting a promising method to enhance CPB strength.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".