Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques With XGBoost Feature Importance Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a type of illnesses in the cardiovascular system including coronary, rheumatic heart and cerebrovascular. The leading causes of disease burden and mortality worldwide are CVDs. CVD can cause a wide range of consequences, which can lower standard of life and sometimes cause death. This emphasizes the requirement for the establishment of a technique that can ensure an exact and prompt prediction of the risk of CVD in patients. This study investigates effective CVD prediction system using several Machine Learning (ML) classification models. Rigorous data analysis through several preprocessing techniques as well as feature importance analysis has been performed through Spearman Correlation Analysis and XGboost feature importance technique. Finally, classification has been accomplished through Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Logistic Regression (LR) using a standard benchmark dataset collected from IEEEDataPort. Highest accuracy of 95% has been achieved through Random Forest (RF). The findings of this study will assist professionals in the medical field in the early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".