Plural Forms of Governance: Evidence from a Poultry Cooperative in Southern Brazil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The existence of plural forms of governance in the same production chain poses challenges to theories on vertical boundaries of companies. The goal of this article is to analyse the plural forms of governance in an agro-industrial cooperative located in southern Brazil. This is a case study with a descriptive, qualitative approach for assessment of the governance structure in the six main links of the poultry production chain, namely: matrix, hatchery, feeding, poultry farmers, slaughterhouses and distributors. Data collection was performed through interviews with managers involved in the production chain. Plural and singular forms of governance can coexist, tending towards a vertical integration. In the distribution process, the plural form tends to remain stable as the different governance structures used to coordinate the same activity also serve different markets. In addition, the need to control and reduce the production costs is pointed out as the main reason for establishing a hierarchical structure for governance. This study sought to contribute to the theoretical analysis of plural and single forms of governance by demonstrating that both can coexist within a company.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".