Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A review on Bangladesh perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of chronic conditions affecting the oral mucosa with a risk of transformation to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, oral lichen planus, and oral erythroplakia are the most common OPMDs observed in South Asian population. However, oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus are commonly encountered OPMDs in clinical practice in Bangladesh, possibly, owing to specific lifestyle habits. Although the exact aetiology is unknown, use of smokeless tobacco, smoking, and chewing of betel quid containing areca nut, are considered as common risk factors for OPMDs. Early diagnosis is very important and can be lifesaving, as at a late stage, OPMDs are more likely to progress into severe dysplasia or even into squamous cell carcinoma. In fact, OPMDs have a significantly increased risk of progressing to cancer, mostly in South Asian population, including Bangladesh. This review provides an overview of the OPMDs in Bangladeshi population. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41(4): 305-314
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".