Human CD127 negative ILC2s show immunological memory
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SUMMARY Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2s) serve as key players in type 2 immunity and contribute significantly to maintaining homeostasis and responding to inflammation. Notably, ILC2s are closely implicated in the development of allergic disorders like asthma. While previous research has demonstrated immunological memory in mouse ILC2s, it has remained unclear whether human ILC2s can acquire this form of memory. In this study, we demonstrate the persistence of CD45RO, a marker previously linked to inflammatory ILC2s, in resting ILC2s that have undergone prior activation. These cells concurrently reduce the expression of the canonical ILC marker CD127. Through in vitro experiments involving the isolation and stimulation of CD127-CD45RO+ ILC2s, we observed an augmented ability to produce cytokines and undergo proliferation. CD127-CD45RO+ ILC2s are found in both healthy and inflamed tissues and display a gene signature of cell activation. Memory ILC2s may play a significant role in chronic type 2 diseases, such as allergic asthma and atopic dermatitis. HIGHLIGHTS – Inflamed and healthy tissues contain CD127-ILC2s with a gene signature of cell activation – CD127-CD45RO+ ILC2s from healthy tissues show immunological memory features – Mouse memory ILC2s downregulate CD127 – In vitro stimulation of naïve ILC2s generates memory CD127-CD45RO+ ILC2s
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".