Compact 4 × 4 Multilayer Butler Matrix With Four-Slot Array
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Novel multilayer Butler matrix (BM) miniaturizing layouts applicable to any$N$$\times$$N$are proposed, reducing the conventional size by more than twofold. The layouts eliminate crossover couplers, considerably enhancing compactness and isolation. A$4$$\times$$4$multilayer BM is designed based on the layouts, and the components used to build the overall structure are designed and analyzed to fit with any$N$$\times$$N$BM. The BM is based on air microstrip lines (MSLs) packaged by an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) to suppress wave leakage and radiation loss. It operates from 27 to 31 GHz with a 0.6$\pm$1.4-dB insertion loss and a phase imbalance of$\pm$8$\degree$. An isolation better than 14 dB with a good matching level is achieved. A four-slot linear antenna array is connected to the BM. The measured and simulated radiation characteristics are compared and found to be in good agreement.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".