Tungsten isotopes in Baffin Island lavas: Evidence of Iceland plume evolution
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tungsten and helium isotope ratios in lavas derived from deeply rooted mantle plumes are tracers of lower mantle compositional heterogeneity or core-mantle exchange.We measured the tungsten isotopic compositions of lavas with exceptionally high-3 He/ 4 He ratios that erupted above the head of the Iceland plume on Baffin Island.These lavas have 182 W/ 184 W ratios that are indistinguishable from the convecting upper mantle, unlike younger lavas in Iceland that have lower 182 W/ 184 W ratios.This implies that only the Iceland plume tail was infused with low-182 W/ 184 W material, likely from the core.If high-3 He/ 4 He helium also comes from the core, then diffusion across the core-mantle boundary may stratify plume-source mantle domains, with elevated 3 He/ 4 He travelling farther into the lower mantle than 182 W/ 184 W anomalies.Over Earth history, tungsten diffusion from the core can explain the decline of 182 W/ 184 W in the convecting mantle.We speculate that the uneven pace of this decline corresponds with evolving lower mantle dynamics.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it