Novel Antenna Design for Surface Wave Suppression in Microwave Breast Screening
Bibliographic record
Abstract
One of the challenges of antenna design for microwave-based breast screening systems is to minimize the surface waves propagating at the interface between the substrate and the biological tissue. The surface waves become additionally pronounced inside the substrate with a confining ground plane, which is required for unidirectionality and blocks environmental radiation. This paper introduces a simplified human breast model and presents a quantitative analysis of the existing surface waves. Then, we propose an array of 16 cavity-backed patch antennas with parasitic elements, designed to operate in the 3.1-5.1 GHz range. Each antenna element is optimized to function next to the breast tissue. Full-wave simulations reveal that the proposed antenna array achieves higher unidirectionality and suppressed mutual coupling levels. In addition, the design offers improved bio-compatibility when compared with the previous designs, as it employs the SYLGARD™ 184 silicone elastomer PDMS substrate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".