Detailed experimentation and prediction of thermophysical properties in lauric acid-based nanocomposite phase change material using artificial neural network
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The thermal conductivity (TC) of a nanocomposite phase change material (NPCM) may be improved by adding nanostructured materials to a Phase Change Material (PCM). To assess the heat transfer rate during the process of phase change, such as melting and freezing, an accurate TC prediction of NPCM is required. A Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) was utilized to examine the nanoparticle morphological study, and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis evaluated the crystalline structure. NPCMs were verified using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The goal of this research is to create an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that guesses the TC and viscosity of Lauric Acid (LA) embedded with dispersed copper oxide (CuO) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3). A multi-layered feed-forward ANN (MLFFANN) is trained using the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) backpropagation algorithm. There are 130 experimental datasets in total, obtained from experiments with nanoparticle mass fractions ranging from 1.25 to 10 wt%. The minimum mean square error (MSE) for TC and viscosity is 4.6815 × 10−5 and 2.4681 × 10−5, respectively. The average absolute deviation (AAD) for TC and viscosity is 0.004249 and 0.003596, respectively, while the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is 2.1835 % and 4.8197 % for TC and viscosity, and the correlation coefficients(R) are 0.992 and 0.975, respectively. The largest percentage variation between experimental values and ANN computed values for the liquid and solid phases, respectively, is 3.54 % and 0.832 %. It demonstrates that the constructed ANN prediction model predicts the increased TC and viscosity of NPCM for different nanoparticle loadings, temperatures, and oxide nanoparticles.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".