To engage in deep-sea mining or not to engage: what do full net cost analyses tell us?
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deep-sea mining (DSM)—the extraction of minerals from the deep seafloor, currently focused intensively on the abyssal plains of the Pacific Ocean—has attracted the attention of mining companies, investors, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), governments, scientists, and the public at large, for good reason 1 . The International Seabed Authority (ISA), an intergovernmental organization established under Article 156 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), is the primary body regulating the exploration and exploitation of minerals found on the international seafloor, termed the Area. These minerals are the common heritage of humankind under UNCLOS, and ISA is entrusted to ensure that mining activities are to be carried out for the benefit of humankind as a whole 2 . As a global platform for states to organize and control activities in the international seabed, ISA’s role in resolving DSM-related issues is very important.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it