Bibliographic record
Abstract
Each year, the manuscripts submitted to The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc., reflect the expanding interests of orthopaedic surgeons and investigators. The careful peer-review process by which manuscripts submitted to JBJS are reviewed requires Consultant Reviewers who have a wide range of knowledge and interests. The following individuals have contributed their knowledge and expertise to this task, and without them the job could not have been done. Their very great contributions are acknowledged with profound appreciation. Roy K. Aaron, MD, Providence, RI Dawar Abbas, MS, MSc, FRCS, PGCE, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom Matthew Abbott, MD, Indianapolis, IN Ayesha Abdeen, MD, Boston, MA Matthew Philip Abdel, MD, Rochester, MN Mohammad S. Abdelaal, MD, Philadelphia, PA Adam Abdelmoneim, MD, MCh, MRCS, MFSEM, Dublin, Ireland Koki Abe, MD, PhD, Yokohama-Shi, Japan Mark F. Abel, MD, Charlottesville, VA Nicholas A. Abidi, MD, Capitola, CA Mansour Abolghasemian, MD, Fort McMurray, AB, Canada Craig A. Aboltins, MBBS(Hons), FRACP, DMedSc, Melbourne, VIC, Australia Albert J. Aboulafia, MD, FACS, MBA, Baltimore, MD Oussama Abousamra, MD, Los Angeles, CA John Alexander Abraham, MD, Philadelphia, PA Simon G.F. Abram, MA(Oxon), BMBCh, MRCS, Oxford, United Kingdom Geoffrey D. Abrams, MD, Palo Alto, CA Jeffrey S. Abrams, MD, Princeton, NJ Freih Abuhassan, FRCSEng, FRCS(Tr&Orth), Amman, Jordan Daniel Acevedo, MD, Philadelphia, PA Ashwath Madhusudan Acharya, MS, FNB, Manipal, India Jakob Ackermann, MD, Chestnut Hill, MA Jonathan Acosta, MD, Pittsburgh, PA Mark J. Adamczyk, MD, Akron, OH Douglas J. Adams, PhD, Aurora, CO Julie E. Adams, MD, MBA, Chattanooga, TN Muyibat A. Adelani, MD, Saint Louis, MO Sean Christopher Adelman, MD, Seattle, WA Joshua Adjei, MD, Pittsburgh, PA Animesh Agarwal, MD, San Antonio, TX Ankur Agarwal, MS(Orth), Gautam Budh Nagar, India Avinesh Agarwalla, MD, Valhalla, NY Vinay Kujmar Aggarwal, MS(Orth), DNBOrtho, New Delhi, India Juan Fernando Agudelo, MD, Atlantis, FL Abdulaziz F. Ahmed, MD, Doha, Qatar William R. Aibinder, MD, Ann Arbor, MI Michael Aiona, MD, Portland, OR Sultan Al Maskari, FRCSEd(T&O), Al Khuwair, Oman Ali Al-Omari, MD, Irbid, Jordan Michael J. Alaia, MD, New York, NY Stephen A. Albanese, MD, East Syracuse, NY Hanne B. Albert, PhD, Odense C, Denmark Jess Gerald Alcid, MD, Toms River, NJ Alexander W. Aleem, MD, St. Louis, MO Pouya Alijanipour, MD, Galveston, TX Loiy Alkhatib, MD, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Matthew Allen, VetMB, PhD, Cambridge, United Kingdom Daniel C. Allison, MD, MBA, FACS, Los Angeles, CA Bashar Alolabi, MD, London, ON, Canada David W. Altchek, MD, New York, NY Abtin Alvand, BSc(Hons), PhD, FRCS(Tr&Orth), Oxford, United Kingdom Marcelo de Pinho Teixeira Alves, MD, Palmela, Portugal Peter C. Amadio, MD, Rochester, MN Ned Amendola, MD, Durham, NC Elizabeth Ames, MD, Burlington, VT Michael Haessam Amini, MD, Tucson, AZ Arash Aminian, MD, Laguna Woods, CA Rohit Amritanand, MS(Orth), Vellore, India Tonya An, MD, MA, Los Angeles, CA Steven Andelman, MD, White Plains, NY Donald D. Anderson, PhD, Iowa City, IA John T. Anderson, MD, Kansas City, MO Kent Anderson, MBA, Westborough, MA Lindsay Andras, MD, Los Angeles, CA Octavian Andronic, MD, Zurich, Switzerland Michael Angeline, MD, Janesville, WI Shawn Garrett Anthony, MD, MBA, New York, NY Valentin Antoci Jr., MD, PhD, East Providence, RI John Antoniou, MD, PhD, FRCSC, Montreal, QC, Canada Shane Apperley, MSc, PA-R, Harrogate, TN Liubov Arbeeva, MS, Chapel Hill, NC Robert A. Arciero, MD, Farmington, CT Elizabeth A. Arendt, MD, Minneapolis, MN Meredith Allison Arensman, MD, MBA, Columbus, OH Jean-Noel Argenson, MD, PhD, Marseille, France Alexandre Arkader, MD, Philadelphia, PA Douglas Gordon Armstrong, MD, Hershey, PA Justin Wade Arner, MD, Pittsburgh, PA Asbjorn Aroen, PhD, MD, Lørenskog, Norway William V. Arnold, MD, PhD, Philadelphia, PA Michael S. Aronow, MD, Hartford, CT Jason Ashley, PhD, Cheney, WA James Ashton-Miller, PhD, Ann Arbor, MI Stanley R. Askin, MD, Elkins Park, PA Kivanc Atesok, MD, MSc, Seattle, WA Bulent Atilla, MD, Ankara, Turkey Luke Stanford Austin, MD, Philadelphia, PA Scott Avecilla, MD, PhD, New York, NY Frank R. Avilucea, MD, Nashville, TN David C. Ayers, MD, Worcester, MA Miguel Angel Ayerza, MD, Buenos Aires, Argentina Frederick M. Azar, MD, Memphis, TN Ibrahim Azboy, MD, Istanbul, Turkey Keith T. Aziz, MD, Jacksonville, FL George C. Babis, MD, PhD, Athens, Greece Anna Babushkina, MD, Washington, DC Sameer Badarudeen, MD, MPH, Bowling Green, KY Soroush Baghdadi, MD, Philadelphia, PA James R. Bailey, MD, Santa Barbara, CA B. Sonny Bal, MD, MBA, JD, PhD, Salt Lake City, UT George C. Balazs, MD, Bethesda, MD Fernando Baldy dos Reis, PhD, Sao Paulo, Brazil Mehmet Bulent Balioglu, MD, Istanbul, Turkey Rishi Balkissoon, MD, MPH, Rochester, NY Michael B. Banffy, MD, Los Angeles, CA Mo Barakat, BSc, MD, FRCS(Tr&Orth), PhD, Nottingham, United Kingdom Michael Baratz, MD, Boston, MA Raul Barco, MD, PhD, FEBOT, Madrid, Spain William Lamont Bargar, MD, Sacramento, CA Brian Barlow, MD, San Diego, CA Jonathan Barlow, MD, Rochester, MN Douglas A. Barnes, MD, Houston, TX Elhanan Bar-On, MD, MPH, Petah Tikva, Israel Robert L. Barrack, MD, St. Louis, MO Robert Joseph Barth, PhD, Chattanooga, TN Christoph Bartl, MD, Munich, Germany Bryce Basques, MD, MHS, Providence, RI Anne R. Bass, MD, New York, NY Ashley Bassett, MD, Morristown, NJ Tracey P. Bastrom, MA, San Diego, CA Saumyajit Basu, MS, DNB, FRCS, Kolkata, India Andrea Sesko Bauer, MD, Boston, MA Keith M. Baumgarten, MD, Sioux Falls, SD Christopher O. Bayne, MD, Sacramento, CA James H. Beaty, MD, Memphis, TN Christopher Beauchamp, MD, Phoenix, AZ Paul E. Beaule, MD, FRCSC, Ottawa, ON, Canada Christoph Becher, MD, Heidelberg, Germany David Charles Beck, EdD, MPAS, Pittsburgh, PA Kenny Beckman, PhD, Minneapolis, MN Nicole S. Belkin, MD, Cortlandt Manor, NY Carlo Bellabarba, MD, Seattle, WA Shmuel Benenson, MD, MSc, Jerusalem, Israel Natividad Benito, PhD, MD, Barcelona, Spain James T. Bennett, MD, New Orleans, LA Leon S. Benson, MD, Glenview, IL Neil Robert Bergman, MBBS, FRACS, FAOrthA, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia Martin C. Berli, MD, Schlieren, Switzerland Elyse Jordan Berlinberg, MD, Brookline, MA Jenna MD, New York, NY Joseph MD, Philadelphia, PA MD, FRCSC, Montreal, QC, Canada A. MD, OH PhD, Minneapolis, MN J. MI David E. MD, FRCS, Ireland MD, Pittsburgh, PA MD, New York, NY R. MD, PhD, Boston, MA MD, MD Christopher WI MD, MHS, Hershey, PA Robert J. MD, Indianapolis, IN MD, Istanbul, Turkey MD, San CA PhD, IN Julie MD, Columbus, OH MPAS, Columbus, OH MD, New York, NY M. MD, Park, NJ J. David MD, Ann Arbor, MI C. MD, VA Michael MD, MSc, FRCSC, Burlington, VT MD, MD, PhD, Boston, MA J. MD, CA MD, MS(Orth), New York, NY MD, New York, NY R. MD, FRCSC, ON, Canada AZ Christopher Michael MD, Boston, MA Peter MD, IL Robert MD, Philadelphia, PA Michael J. MD, NC MD, PhD, France Martin MD, MSc, FRCSC, St. Louis, MO Elizabeth W. PhD, Minneapolis, MN MD, San Antonio, TX MD, Portland, OR MD, PhD, New York, NY MD, Keith H. MD, St. Louis, MO James MSc, MRCS, United Kingdom MD, TN T. MD, TX Robert H. MD, MO Mark D. MD, PhD, FL T. MD, MA D. PhD, Scott MD, Houston, TX James A. MD, Charlottesville, VA MD, S. MD, NJ Steven MD, MD, PhD, Denmark Matthew J. MD, IL David B. MD, MD, New York, NY MD, Germany MD, Minneapolis, MN Martin MD, Buenos Aires, Argentina J. Matthew Paul Joseph MD, New York, NY J. MD, Philadelphia, PA S. MD, Ann Arbor, MI MD, Ankara, Turkey K. MD, TX MD, New York, NY MSc, PhD, Brazil MD, Portland, OR MD, Jacksonville, FL James D. MD, NY Jonathan J. MD, VA Charles MD, Boston, MA MD, New York, NY MD, PhD, Salt Lake City, UT Brian P. MD, New York, NY Peter MD, Salt Lake City, UT MD, IL MD, San Diego, CA Robert W. MD, MBA, Los Angeles, CA MD, MD, PhD, PhD, France MD, Seattle, WA P. MD, CA MD, FL MD, Boston, MA MD, MBBS, MS, New Delhi, India Paul MD, PhD, The TX MD, PhD, Philadelphia, PA MD, PhD, Japan MD, PhD, of MD, Iowa City, IA MD, Durham, NC MD, Kansas City, MO MD, Germany Jeffrey D. MD, CA Philip MD, MS, MD, MN Daniel J. MD, San Antonio, TX M. MD, Providence, RI Joseph B. MD, IL Anna MD, MSc, Charlottesville, VA MD, City, NY MD, Rochester, MN Peter A. MD, St. MN John P. W. Jr., MD, CA Fernando MD, San MD, OH MD, MSc, San Diego, CA Michael P. Jr., MD, NJ L. MD, Ann Arbor, MI Matthew D. MD, Austin, TX MD, The D. MD, MO MD, Philadelphia, PA K. MD, Boston, MA Robert MD, OH Roy PhD, NC John M. MD, FL PhD, San CA MD, Mark T. MD, MN MD, BSc, The R. MD, FRCSC, ON, Canada Jeffrey Neil MD, Daniel MD, Philadelphia, PA PhD, NC Charles S. MD, MBA, MI J. de MD, FL F. MD, PhD, Brian MD, MI MD, PhD, MSc, The David George MD, Phoenix, AZ Steven MD, MO M. MD, MSc, FRCSC, London, ON, Canada MD, PA John MD, FL E. MD, Baltimore, MD Craig J. MD, IL MD, CT PhD, MD John R. MD, New NY Geoffrey F. MD, MSc, FRCSC, Ottawa, ON, Canada MD, Mark MD, Sacramento, CA Joshua Scott MD, NY T. MD, Greece Tonya MD, MPH, OH MA, New York, NY MD, IL William F. MD, Pittsburgh, PA MD, Minneapolis, MN MD, New York, NY Nicholas MD, Fort James MD, MD MD, PhD, BSc, Germany PhD, Zurich, Switzerland MD, MBA, MPH, NY Scott MD, MPH, MBA, New Orleans, LA MD, NY A. MD, Paul MD, Portland, OR Christopher John MD, MPH, FACS, St. Louis, MO John S. MD, TX MPAS, TX Adam MD, IL W. MD, San Diego, CA NY D. PhD, Philadelphia, PA PhD, MD, Boston, MA John Joseph PhD, Akron, OH M. MD, PhD, Iowa City, IA PhD, Minneapolis, MN Bone Jr., MD, TX John B. MD, Boston, MA K. MD, OH MD, MD, New York, NY Christopher H. PhD, Rochester, MN David Christopher MD, Boston, MA William MD, Durham, NC MD, CO Peter D. MD, MPH, New York, NY MD, Brazil MD, Luke United Kingdom Brian T. MD, San CA MD, Seattle, WA MD, MPH, Rochester, MN MD, Boston, MA James MD, San Antonio, TX de MS, Brazil MD, St. Louis, MO MD, MA, Seattle, WA J. MD, Indianapolis, IN NC MD, Boston, MA L. MD, New York, NY Nicholas MD, PhD, VA David Alexander MD, New York, NY Craig W. MD, Baltimore, MD Brian MD, IL L. PhD, Minneapolis, MN Paul MD, PhD, The Mark A. MD, FL Douglas IA B. MD, PA MD, Portland, OR PhD, MD, Norway MD, MI Michael C. MD, MHS, New York, NY John P. MD, Farmington, CT Ashley Philadelphia, PA J. MD, MO MD, Worcester, MA Joseph W. WA MD, Galveston, TX MD, New York, NY MD, E. MD, IL L. MD, Joshua L. MD, Houston, TX Martin MD, Germany Charles MD, New NJ Elizabeth MD, New York, NY MD, Philadelphia, PA MD, NJ J. MD, New York, NY M. MD, FACS, OH MD, FRCS, Zurich, Switzerland MD, OH MD, PhD, MPH, IL PhD, San Antonio, TX Peter V. MD, FACS, FRCS, United Kingdom MD, PhD, New York, NY MD, MS, Adam MD, Jacksonville, FL E. PhD, Iowa City, IA Charles A. MD, St. Louis, MO Jason MD, VA MD, Philadelphia, PA J. MD, St. Louis, MO MD, Philadelphia, PA James MD, Ann Arbor, MI MD, FRACS, Melbourne, VIC, Australia MD, WA MD, NC Brian MD, OH M. PhD, Indianapolis, IN A. OH James M. MD, Houston, TX NY Justin MD, New York, NY Michael MD, KY P. MD, New York, NY PhD, MD, MD, TX Christopher MD, John MD, MS, Salt Lake City, UT A. MD, CA MD, Barcelona, Spain MD, PhD, Galveston, TX James T. MD, PA MD, PhD, NY MD, CA P. MD, Baltimore, MD Frank MD, Charlottesville, VA MD, PhD, MSc, Germany MD, Germany A. PhD, Geoffrey Frederick MD, Sioux Falls, SD MD, Seattle, WA O. PhD, Memphis, TN PhD, Houston, TX MD, San CA George MD, Minneapolis, MN MD, PhD, Japan MD, Japan K. MD, OH Christopher D. MD, Pittsburgh, PA A. MBBS, PhD, Australia Michael D. PhD, Louis, MO Robert M. MD, MD, CA MD, Minneapolis, MN PhD, Chapel Hill, NC A. MD, FACS, MD, NC Robert MD, San Antonio, TX S. MD, PhD, OH Michael William PhD, Philadelphia, PA M. MD, CO J. MD, A. MD, Providence, RI MD, San CA Paul J. MD, James D. MD, San Antonio, TX MD, Los Angeles, CA MD, PhD, MD, Bethesda, MD R. MD, R. Frank MD, Baltimore, MD M. MD, Washington, DC MD, PhD, Israel Nicholas Michael MD, MA C. MD, MSc, San MD, France MD, PhD, Spain John MD, TX MD, Switzerland E. MD, Boston, MA A. MD, FL S. MD, Philadelphia, PA John PhD, Houston, TX Ann MD, TX Jason C. MD, OH Sean MBBS, FRCS, M. Mark MD, Los Angeles, CA MD, Switzerland V. MD, MBA, Pittsburgh, PA Christopher T. MD, MS, Durham, NC Paul MD, PhD, Minneapolis, MN M. MD, City, CA PhD, MD, Japan MD, Minneapolis, MN Matthew T. MD, Rochester, MN MD, PhD, The MD, FRCSC, Canada PhD, MS, Houston, TX Alexander P. MD, New York, NY MD, India Michael H. MD, Houston, TX R. MD, Chapel Hill, NC Joseph P. MD, PhD, OH Nicholas MD, Seattle, WA M. MD, PhD, Ottawa, ON, Canada PhD, Rochester, NY MD, OH MD, San CA Stephen J. MD, Houston, TX MD, Philadelphia, PA John MD, Los Angeles, CA MD, New York, NY MD, PhD, Denmark J. MD, MBA, MD, PhD, St. Switzerland MD, MBA, Baltimore, MD K. MS, FRCS, New Delhi, India MD, St. Louis, MO B. MD, TX MD, San Diego, CA J. MD, PhD, The MD, Boston, MA MPH, OH Jason MD, CO James MD, David Scott MD, MBA, VA FRCS, United Kingdom L. MD, CA Michael H. MD, FL P. PhD, Saint MN MD, FRCSC, AB, Canada Scott MPAS, Fort KY B. MD, Phoenix, AZ MD, Columbus, OH MD, Boston, MA MS(Orth), Manipal, India Michael J. MD, OH MD, MS, VA B. MD, Boston, MA Michael PhD, Salt Lake City, UT MD, Portland, OR Michael MD, Boston, MA MD, City, CA PhD, NJ MD, Japan MD, FRCS(Tr&Orth), KY MD, FACS, San CA Daniel MD, WA James MD, Boston, MA MD, Rochester, NY MD, Baltimore, MD Brian F. MD, CT Ann E. MD, PA D. MD, St. Louis, MO James A. MD, MO Steven James F. MD, Houston, TX John D. MD, Philadelphia, PA Michael MD, Louis, MO MD, MI Daniel MD, PhD, Germany Keith MD, MI MD, MD, New York, NY Michael MD, TX MD, San CA MD, Baltimore, MD MD, Santa CA Michael MD, TX Michael M. MD, New York, NY M. PhD, Boston, MA Steven C. NY Scott MD, OH David H. MD, Boston, MA MD, MS, TX MD, PhD, of Paul J. MD, MD John S. MD, FL MD, NJ Michael R. Jr., MD, FACS, Sacramento, CA MD, Seattle, WA PhD, Falls, Australia Michael MD, New York, NY MD, PhD, Japan Matthew PhD, New York, NY Jason L. MD, IL David A. MD, MSc, New York, NY A. MD, PhD, Greece A. MD, Greece David MD, New CT Matthew J. MD, Houston, TX James MD, Philadelphia, PA MD, TX Gautam MBBS, India MD, Nicholas MD, San Diego, CA Kenny BMBCh, MBBS, MS(Orth), Christopher MD, Seattle, WA John MD, Boston, MA F. MD, Minneapolis, MN MD, PhD, Norway MD, MS, NJ Simon FRCS, London, United Kingdom Joseph Daniel MD, TN Joseph M. MD, New York, NY B. MD, NY Jeffrey MD, Boston, MA Joseph PhD, MI MD, Fort NC A. MD, San CA Peter MD, Ottawa, ON, Canada MD, Rochester, MN PhD, FL Brian C. MD, Durham, NC MD, MSc, FRCSC, ON, Canada WI J. MD, FL A. MD, Oxford, IA Elizabeth C. MD, J. R. MD, PhD, Philadelphia, PA Joshua M. MD, Nashville, TN Scott MD, Phoenix, AZ Donald H. MD, Nashville, TN MD, New York, NY Mark C. MD, Hartford, CT Simon MD, IL MD, Canada MD, New York, NY MD, MSc, PhD, Sao Paulo, Brazil J. MD, Aurora, CO Jonathan MD, FL MD, FRCS, United Kingdom MD, New York, NY MD, Houston, TX PhD, MA MD, PhD, New CT MD, PhD, Baltimore, MD Stephen PhD, FL Joshua MD, PhD, Charlottesville, VA MD, AB, Canada David M. MD, Fort TX Elizabeth MD, Portland, OR R. MD, Los Angeles, CA R. MD, FACS, IL Albert MD, Pittsburgh, PA MD, MBA, Germany A. MD, MPH, New York, NY MS, New York, NY Steven MD, Akron, OH Robert MD, London, ON, Canada Milton Michael MD, Los Angeles, CA David MD, Houston, TX Joseph MD, CA MD, San CA MBBS, MRCS, BSc, FRCS(Tr&Orth), MSc, PhD, London, United Kingdom V. Jr., MD, FACS, New OH Steven PhD, Iowa City, IA Philip MD, Seattle, WA John MD, FL MD, Boston, MA John D. MD, PA John P. MD, James V. MD, Los Angeles, CA PhD, IL MD, San CA Elizabeth MD, St. Louis, MO MD, PhD, New York, NY MD, PhD, FRCS, United Kingdom MD, MS, PhD, London, United Kingdom C. MD, MBA, MI David MD, Houston, TX MD, KY Philip PhD, PA MD, FRCSC, Montreal, QC, Canada William J. MD, CA A. PhD, Syracuse, NY MD, PhD, France B. MD, Sacramento, CA M. MD, MO MD, Israel Albert W. MD, NC J. MD, Iowa City, IA C. MD, CA PhD, MPH, Salt Lake City, UT MD, Madrid, Spain Robert MD, MSc, FRCSC, New York, NY Matthew J. MD, MO H. MD, Boston, MA MD, Durham, NC Frederick A. MD, Seattle, WA MD, Japan Elizabeth MD, Boston, MA David MD, Los Angeles, CA Craig MD, VA MD, WA Christopher MD, OR MD, MD, San Diego, CA MD, MD Michael D. MD, Phoenix, AZ MD, Indianapolis, IN Robert F. MD, OH C. MD, Phoenix, AZ M. MD, New York, NY PhD, Indianapolis, IN John Brian MD, IN Michael J. MD, New CT Peter L. MD, MBBS, MS(Orth), New Delhi, India D. MD, Montreal, QC, Canada IL Charles T. MPH, OH MD, Los Angeles, CA J. Mark MD, M. MD, PhD, Philadelphia, PA MD, NC MD, PhD, Boston, MA MD, Washington, DC M. MD, NC MD, MSc, Los Angeles, CA MD, San CA Mark MD, FL O. MD, New York, NY Anna MD, Saint Louis, MO Mark D. MD, Charlottesville, VA MD, Aurora, CO Peter J. MD, MSc, CO Michael B. MD, Boston, MA MD, Durham, NC MD, OH K. MD, Scott MD, Houston, TX David MD, City, CA MD, Michael A. MD, New York, NY MD, MD, PhD, The MD, NC Joseph MD, MD, Minneapolis, MN MD, Japan MD, Zurich, Switzerland MD, F. MD, TX MD, PhD, San CA MD, S. MD, WA Joseph T. MD, VA MD, New York, NY Peter M. MD, Jacksonville, FL George F. MD, OH MS(Orth), India Peter T. MBBS, FRACS, Australia Mark S. MD, Baltimore, MD Sameer MD, VA MD, PhD, FRCS, Japan MD, Japan PhD, MD, City, Japan MD, Rochester, MN MD, MSc, ON, Canada MD, Boston, MA John MD, WI MD, Boston, MA MD, MS, Bethesda, MD MS(Orth), India Jeffrey J. MD, St. Louis, MO MD, France Joseph T. MPH, New York, NY MD, St. MN Shane MD, IL P. MD, IL MD, New York, NY S. MD, PhD, Athens, Greece Simon MD, PhD, France Philip C. PhD, Houston, TX W. MD, MI MD, PhD, Austin, TX MD, CO MD, MBA, New York, NY M. MD, OH MD, San CA Michael MD, Pittsburgh, PA William T. MD, MPH, Nashville, TN MD, VA E. MD, New York, NY Matthew E. MD, Washington, DC Scott MD, TX R. MD, Minneapolis, MN MD, MBA, MSc, Ann Arbor, MI Adam MD, Boston, MA Steven A. MD, Durham, NC MD, Los Angeles, CA MD, Baltimore, MD E. MD, NC J. MD, St. Louis, MO BSc, MBBS, FRCS(Tr&Orth), London, United Kingdom PhD, Canada Joshua M. MD, Philadelphia, PA MD, PhD, Montreal, QC, Canada Joseph S. Park, MD, Charlottesville, VA David MBBS, FRACS, FAOrthA, Australia K. MD, PhD, Boston, MA Peter MD, New York, NY MD, MO MD, St. Louis, MO MS(Orth), Delhi, India M. MD, OH David MD, Ann Arbor, MI MD, Fort Houston, TX MD, E. Scott MD, East Providence, RI MD, VA D. Jr., MD, PhD, San CA J. MD, CO MD, CA MD, Germany Robert PhD, ON, Canada Stephen MD, FRCS, OH Michael MD, IL S. MD, OH Peter D. MD, Philadelphia, PA D. MD, New York, NY Donald MD, New NJ David W. MD, Minneapolis, MN Scott E. MD, MBA, K. MD, Bethesda, MD MD, New York, NY PhD, San Diego, CA J. MD, MD, FL MD, Germany Matthew D. MD, Minneapolis, MN PhD, of MD, New York, NY Mark MD, TX MD, Heidelberg, Germany Sean MD, MS, Los Angeles, CA MD, San Antonio, TX Daniel MD, New York, NY MD, Philadelphia, PA MD, MBA, CA MD, MPH, MS, Portland, OR E. MD, Washington, DC PhD, Minneapolis, MN John Stephen Jr., MSc, MD, CT Michael MD, Saint MN M. MD, Austin, TX J. MD, New York, NY Kent MD, San Antonio, TX MD, St. Louis, MO MD, OH Michael D. MD, BSc, The M. PhD, OH David MD, PhD, Austin, TX Jonathan PhD, TX F. MD, Akron, OH W. MS, MD James R. MD, Craig S. MD, MBA, KY MD, Rochester, MN Paul MD, Seattle, WA Scott A. MD, New York, NY MD, PhD, Boston, MA MD, PhD, MD, P. MD, New York, NY D. MD, Boston, MA Joseph J. MD, CO MD, of S. MD, MPH, CA J. MD, Lake FL MD, MPH, New York, NY Robert MD, CA MS, India MD, IL Matthew MD, IL MD, PhD, Rochester, MN James O. MD, Chapel Hill, NC Michael FRACS, Australia Nicole PhD, Los Angeles, CA MD, Philadelphia, PA Daniel MD, PhD, Rochester, MN MD, MBA, NJ Jonathan MD, MBA, OH Peter L. MD, MSc, Daniel Robert MS, Stephen PhD, Indianapolis, IN J. MD, WI Jonathan MD, PhD, Nashville, TN C. MD, Burlington, VT J. San Diego, CA Frank MD, New York, NY S. MD, Nashville, TN MD, MS, New York, NY Michael MD, Kansas City, MO Ann R. MD, OH Michael MD, MO MD, NJ Peter V. MD, Philadelphia, PA MD, United Kingdom R. MD, New York, NY MD, Minneapolis, MN John MD, Scott MD, IL Jonathan MD, Minneapolis, MN Paul MD, CT NJ S. MD, Boston, MA Peter F. MD, PA MD, New York, NY MBBS, MD, MS, CA MD, OH MD, CA William J. MD, Rochester, MN Brian A. MD, CO Scott B. MD, NC MD, Canada MD, of MS(Orth), India Ashley MD, Charlottesville, VA Brian MD, MD MD, Israel J. MD, Rochester, MN MD, Los Angeles, CA MD, Sacramento, CA MD, IL Robert R. Jr., MD, FACS, CA Brian MD, Houston, TX CO Matthew J. MD, MO Matthew V. MD, MS, St. Louis, MO W. MD, CA PhD, MD, New CT MD, Sacramento, CA Daniel Jordan MD, CA MD, PhD, FRACS, Australia S. MD, Galveston, TX MD, of David H. MD, FRACS, FAOrthA, Australia F. MD, Santa CA Mark J. MD, FRCSC, Phoenix, AZ Luke MD, Jacksonville, FL M. MD, Nashville, TN John W. MD, Rochester, MN Andrea MD, WI P. MD, FL MD, Los Angeles, CA D. MD, NC MD, St. Switzerland Michael S. MD, MD, MBA, MPH, MD MD, MI L. MD, MBA, OH Joseph MD, IN David R. MD, Philadelphia, PA Daniel PhD, New York, NY John W. MD, Hartford, CT Robert MD, Washington, DC Peter J. MD, OH James MD, IL Alexander PhD, Burlington, VT Michael A. MD, Los Angeles, CA James MBBS, FRACS, VIC, Australia Robert J. MD, New York, NY Daniel J. MD, MS, TX J. MD, City, Paul MD, Nashville, TN R. PhD, IL MBBS, DNBOrtho, India Michael D. MD, Portland, OR Charles J. MD, PA MD, CA MD, Park, Julie A. MD, St. MN J. MD, FRACS, FAOrthA, VIC, Australia James MD, Nashville, TN MD, KY MD, Philadelphia, PA MD, MBA, Durham, NC F. MD, Hershey, PA MD, New York, NY David C. MD, City, C. MD, New York, NY H. MD, FL David C. MD, Minneapolis, MN Joshua MD, Chapel Hill, NC M. MD, Providence, RI MD, FRACS, Australia P. MD, MBA, FACS, OH MBBS, PhD, Rochester, NY George H. MD, OH Matthew J. MD, Seattle, WA Jeffrey D. MD, Hartford, CT James MD, Los Angeles, CA MD, Germany MD, Daniel MD, Boston, MA MD, MA MD, WA MD, Minneapolis, MN K. MD, New York, NY MS(Orth), DNB, India L. PhD, Worcester, MA H. MD, St. MN MD, MI MD, PhD, Japan MD, PhD, Japan MD, NY F. MD, Hershey, PA MD, Ann Arbor, MI MD, OH Ann E. MD, Minneapolis, MN MD, CA Peter S. MD, Los Angeles, CA PhD, Denmark Brian Nicholas MD, OH Jonathan MD, New York, NY MD, New MD, MSc, MBA, PhD, New York, NY MD, Boston, MA Michael J. PhD, KY Matthew MD, CO J. MD, New York, NY James P. MD, FRCSC, ON, Canada Charles E. PhD, Houston, TX R. MD, MD, Minneapolis, MN Christopher James MBBS, FRACS, FAOrthA, Australia B. MD, St. Louis, MO W. FRCSEng, Nottingham, United Kingdom Stephen MD, Lake OR William R. PhD, Australia MD, CA MD, MSc, MD, City, CA MD, of MD, PhD, MD, St. MN MD, San CA Elizabeth MD, ON, Canada F. MD, New York, NY Daniel MD, David MD, MSc, ON, Canada Brian Robert MD, NC D. MD, Allison Park, PA J. MD, St. Louis, MO Stephen C. MD, San Diego, CA L. MD, Philadelphia, PA John H. MD, FRCSC, FACS, ON, Canada Scott D. MD, Akron, OH Steven MD, NJ L. MD, Iowa City, IA Brian C. MD, Charlottesville, VA Syracuse, NY Robert W. MD, Iowa City, IA Peter MD, New CT MD, Sacramento, CA MD, San Antonio, TX J. Michael MD, MI F. MD, New York, NY MD, PhD, Munich, Germany K. MD, Jacksonville, FL MD, PhD, The MD, W. MD, PhD, The Jeffrey PhD, NC MD, Minneapolis, MN Alexander MD, Philadelphia, PA PhD, Iowa City, IA MD, PhD, Germany PhD, TX MD, NC John J. MD, Boston, MA Daniel MD, New CT Robert MD, Saint MN Scott MD, New York, NY Woods, MD, NJ MD, Baltimore, MD MD, San CA MD, Rochester, MN James D. MD, MHS, Boston, MA MD, PhD, Japan Mark MD, Boston, MA PhD, MD, Japan MD, PhD, Japan MD, PhD, Japan MD, Seattle, WA PhD, MI MD, Istanbul, Turkey MD, PhD, Japan MD, Japan MD, FRCSC, Canada Elizabeth MD, Columbus, OH V. MS, WI MD, MS(Orth), PhD, MD, MD, Boston, MA MD, MD MD, MBA, New Orleans, LA L. MD, San CA MD, of MD, ON, Canada MD, PhD, New York, NY MD, PhD, of PhD, Charlottesville, VA MD, Doha, Qatar A. MD, Switzerland
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".