399 Methionine and Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation Throughout the Periconceptual Period of Gestation Alters Metabolite Concentrations and Fetal Development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Recent research reported changes in fetal growth due to increased methyl donor availability through periconceptual supplementation of the dam. We hypothesized that maternal supplementation of methionine (MET) or guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) during the periconceptual period will result in a methyl donor surplus or deficiency in maternal serum and ultimately influence fetal body and organ weight at d +63 gestation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate effects of methyl donor surplus or deficiency during the periconceptual period of gestation on metabolite concentrations in the heifer and the effects on early fetal development. Eighty MARC II heifers (n = 20 per treatment, initial BW = 346 ± 8 kg) were stratified by age and weight to one of four treatment groups to receive 100 g of supplement: ground corn carrier as control (CON), MET (10 g/d) in ground corn, GAA (40 g/d) in ground corn, and MET + GAA (10 g/d MET + 40 g/d GAA) in ground corn. Supplementation began 63 d before breeding (d –63) until d 63 of gestation (d +63), and serum samples were collected before feeding on d -63, at breeding, and d +63. Heifers were bred using male sexed semen from the same sire, and 35 heifers were confirmed pregnant (CON, n = 10; MET, n = 8; GAA, n = 7; MET + GAA, n =10) and harvested at d +63 of gestation to collect maternal and fetal samples. Data were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial design with 2 levels of MET and 2 levels of GAA. Methionine concentrations in maternal serum were greater (P = 0.05) in MET and MET + GAA supplemented heifers at d 0 and d +63 compared with CON and GAA at d -63, d 0, and d +63. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.15) in the concentration of GAA or creatine due to supplementation; however, both were decreased at breeding (P < 0.01) compared with d -63 and d +63. Fetuses from MET supplemented heifers had greater (P = 0.01) brain weight and Longissimus muscle than dams not receiving MET. We conclude that MET supplementation during the periconceptual period can alter methyl donor availability and increase fetal muscle development. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".