Adapting a Teachable Robot’s Dialog Responses using Reinforcement Learning in Teaching Conversation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Teachable robots can offer benefits to students through the use of social behaviours, such as speech, gaze, and gestures, to promote engagement and learning. Adapting these behaviours can deliver personalised interactions to better suit each individual. There is a growing body of research utilising reinforcement learning in social robotics, however there is limited research in the use of adaptive dialog behaviours for social robots. We propose an adaptive response-selection algorithm for a teachable robot which aims to improve user engagement in the teaching task. The proposed approach uses Q-learning to learn an individualised policy. The algorithm is rewarded according to the time taken per teaching input, and the amount paraphrasing in the user’s response. A user study has been conducted to evaluate the algorithm, compared to a method of random response-selection. The results indicate that an adaptive approach learns to select more rewarding actions over time, and personalise to the individual user.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".