A review of small animal dosimetry techniques: image-guided and spatially fractionated therapy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Research in small animal radiotherapy is a crucial step in clinical translation of novel radiotherapy techniques, either delivered as stand-alone treatment or in combination with other treatments, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In order to efficiently translate preclinical findings to the clinical setting, preclinical radiotherapy must replicate clinical therapy in terms of mode of delivery as well as dose delivery accuracy as closely as possible. In this review article, we focused on the description of dosimetry tools for radiotherapy of small animals delivered with kilovoltage x-ray beams on image-guided irradiators and in a spatially-fractionated manner by means of microbeam therapy. The specifics of dosimetry of kilovoltage x-ray beam deliveries with small, often sub-millimeter, beams are highlighted, and suitable dosimeters, phantoms, and dose measurement and calculation techniques are reviewed. Future directions for accurate real-time high spatial resolution dosimetry of small animal irradiations are also discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".