Microarchitectural structure of bone mediates the relationship between age and cognition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract There is potential endocrine crosstalk between bone and the brain. To elucidate the relationship between age and cognitive decline, it is important to consider microarchitectural structure of bone such as trabecular bone score (TBS), which is more sensitive technique to measure microarchitectural structure of bone than bone mineral density (BMD) and may affect behavior. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if TBS is a mediator of the relationship between age and cognitive decline. Healthy participants (N = 101, 40–90 years) completed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Body composition, BMD and TBS were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Mediation analysis was conducted to determine if TBS mediates the relationship between age and cognition. Older age was associated with worse cognition (p < 0.001), but this was an indirect effect: older participants had lower TBS, and, in turn, lower TBS was associated with worse MoCA scores. TBS mediates the relationship between age and cognitive decline. Importantly, this relationship was not moderated by age. Moreover, high muscle mass was associated with increased TBS. This relationship between health and TBS may be a possible mechanistic explanation for how health affects cognition in older age.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".