Microbial methane cycling in a landfill on a decadal time scale
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Landfills generate outsized environmental footprints due to microbial degradation of organic matter in municipal solid waste, which produces the potent greenhouse gas methane. With global solid waste production predicted to increase substantially in the next few decades, there is a pressing need to better understand the temporal dynamics of biogeochemical processes that control methane cycling in landfills. Here, we use metagenomic approaches to characterize microbial methane cycling in waste that was landfilled over 39 years. Our analyses indicate that newer waste supports more diverse communities with similar composition compared to older waste, which contains lower diversity and more varied communities. Older waste contains primarily autotrophic organisms with versatile redox metabolisms, whereas newer waste is dominated by anaerobic fermenters. Methane-producing microbes are more abundant, diverse, and metabolically versatile in new waste compared to old waste. Our findings indicate that predictive models for methane emission in landfills overlook methane oxidation in the absence of oxygen, as well as certain microbial lineages that can potentially contribute to methane sinks in diverse habitats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".