Bibliographic record
Abstract
In studies using the Fas ligand (FasL)-defective gld mice that express a nonfunctional form of FasL, we have shown that heat-induced germ cell apoptosis is not blocked, thus, providing evidence that the Fas signaling system is not required for heat-induced germ cell death.We now report on the role of the mitochondria-dependent death pathway in mild heatinduced germ cell apoptosis in FasL defective mice.Scrota of adult (8 weeks old) wild type and gld mice were exposed to 22 C (control) or 43 C for 15 minutes, and the animals were killed 2 or 6 h after heat treatment.In situ TUNEL assay showed massive apoptosis of germ cells, as previously reported by us, between 2 and 6 h after heat exposure specifically at stages I-IV and XI-XII in both wild type and gld mice.Western bot analysis showed no obvious alterations in FasL levels while Fas levels appeared to be slightly lower in the testes of gld mice 6h after heat treatment.Consistent with our previous observations in rats, a redistribution of Bax from its normal cytoplasmic to perinuclear localization was clearly evident in heat susceptible germ cells of both wild type and gld mice.The redistribution of Bax is further accompanied by activation of the initiator caspase 9 and the executioner caspase 3 but not 7. Taken together, these results indicate selective involvement of the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway in heat-induced germ cell apoptosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.425 | 0.304 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".