Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter, which emerged from Wellman’s graduate research in criminology, focuses on how Indigenous men and women continue to fight against Canada’s colonization while incarcerated within the Canadian prison system. The chapter details how Indigenous people are routinely denied access to culture and spirituality within prisons and the role that Indigenous-specific prison programming attempts to play in addressing this. It also raises questions as to whether the prison itself is set up to further disconnect Indigenous people from being Indigenous and fostering the erasure of Indigenous identity from the Canadian settler state, ultimately continuing the “civilizing” project. Through her interviews with a number of former prisoners, Wellman argues that while the Correctional Service of Canada has developed several “Indigenous-specific” programs in federal institutions, access to them is always tenuous, and most proffer a “pan”-Indigenous perspective to culture and traditions not specific to a prisoner’s nation. While Stephanie argues that such programming represents a furthering of the colonial project, at the same time the men interviewed for the study maintained an affirmation of their Indigeneity while inside prison.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".