Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Latin American structuralist approach was able to organize and systematize, in the middle of the 20th century, some historical advances observed with regard to the level of productive differentiation achieved by important Latin American economies. It also helped the national development strategies and plans implemented in Latin American countries, by subsidizing them with theoretical categories and methodological instruments more adjusted to the stage of development and maturity of their productive forces. However, the disruptive transformations experienced by the global economic system, especially from the events observed in the last quarter of the last century, resulted in a significant deterioration in the ability of the main structuralist categories to apprehend the characteristics of the peripheral condition in its current version. Among these transformations, it is worth highlighting the establishment of a internationally fragmented production, the phenomenon of financial globalization and the advent of financialization. This thesis aims to discuss the main structural trends derived both from what will be designated as the "new international division of labor" associated with the technicalproductive dimension, and from what Lima (2013) called as the "international division of finance" that emerges from the monetary-financial dimension. The main hypothesis defended in the present investigation conceives that the main structuralist analytical categories can be useful in understanding the contemporary versions of the peripheral condition expressed in the interactions established between central and peripheral countries in the international economy. It is argued that the new international division of labor is based on a structural differentiation that articulates a periphery that performs the so-called peripheral tasks to a center oriented to the command of intangible assets and that performs the so-called central tasks in global production networks. The international division of finance, on the other hand, is based on a structural differentiation that goes back to a periphery that fulfills the role of supplier of assets that enable the valuation and restoration of the portfolios' profitability, while the center provides assets that promote the maintenance/defense of value equity and the restoration of portfolio liquidity. It is argued that each international division is intrinsically associated with a structural trend that, in the case of the present thesis, has been conventionally called "capture". In the new international division of labor, there is a structural trend that alludes to the capture of a greater "slice" of the value generated in global networks by central countries vis--vis that extracted by peripheral countries. In the international division of finance, the structural trend alludes to a net transfer from the set of peripheral economies to the central economies, in order to configure a capture that takes the form of a wealth leak. With this "double capture" the peripheral economies tend to be doubly deprived, while the central countries are doubly benefited due to the modus operandi of the new international division of labor and the international division of finance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.125 | 0.051 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".