Multimode coaxial extrusion of segmented core-shell structures for soft metamechanics and biomimetic applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The unique ability to combine versatile materials via additive manufacturing greatly enhances the functionalities of soft machines. However, manufacturing for multi-material devices often involves complex and redundant procedures. Herein, we develop a multimode coaxial direct ink writing method for efficient 3D printing of multi-material filaments in the form of core-shell material distribution at millimeter scales. Through simulations and experiments, essential printing parameters, such as extrusion pressure and deposition speed combinations, are investigated to control compositions simultaneously. As exemplars, we fabricate soft lattices presenting tunable mechanical responses by printing soft and tough silicone in a single pass. We also demonstrate bio-mimetic potentials by fabricating soft fingers and magnetic shape-shifting structures with multiple functional materials. Our method is expected to provide a new paradigm for designing and manufacturing the rapid prototyping of soft functional machines.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".