Distribution of Neural/Stem Progenitor Cells in the Brain of the Leopard Gecko ( <i>Eublepharis macularius</i> )
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) have been identified across vertebrate species. Among adult mammals, NSPCs are spatially restricted to just two neurogenic regions: the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle, and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. In other species – including teleost fish and urodeles – NSPCs are known to have a much broader distribution. For reptiles, less is known. Here we identify NSPCs along the rostral caudal axis of the brain of the leopard gecko ( Eublepharis macularius ; hereafter, ‘gecko’). The ventricular system of the gecko brain is bordered by a distinct neurogenic niche, the ventricular zone (VZ). All VZ cells (including those of the lateral, third and fourth ventricles) constitutively express the hallmark transcription factor of stemness, SOX 2. Additionally, VZ cells have a radial‐like morphology and pattern of protein expression (including immunostaining for the intermediate filaments Vimentin and glial fibrillary acid protein [GFAP]) closely comparable to mammalian embryonic radial glial cells. At the level of the cerebellum, putative NSPCs (SOX2+ and GFAP+) were also identified independent of the ventricular system. Proliferating cells (identified by phosphorylated histone H3 expression) are most abundant in the VZ of the lateral ventricle and cerebellar parenchyma. The VZ of the third ventricle demonstrates a comparatively modest level of proliferation, while the VZ of the fourth ventricle is largely quiescent. The presence of NSPCs, both dormant and constitutively active, across the lizard brain offers compelling evidence for its neurogenic and possibly regenerative capacity. Support or Funding Information Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Discovery Grant 400358
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".