Identification of a Novel Regulator of Vasopressin Secretion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We identified a novel hypothalamic peptide, Phoenixin, and demonstrated its hypothalamic and pituitary actions to control reproductive hormone secretion (Yosten et al. J Neuroendocrinol 25:206, 2013). We now have identified the orphan G protein‐coupled receptor, GPR173, to be the cognate receptor for Phoenixin (Stein et al. Am J Physiol 311:R489,2016). Transient compromise of either GPR173 or Phoenixin production in rat hypothalamus significantly interrupted estrous cyclicity, suggesting that this ligand‐receptor pair is essential for normal reproductive function. In situ hybridization histochemistry studies revealed that Phoenixin is expressed in neurons of the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei, as is GPR173. We hypothesized that in addition to its action to control reproductive physiology, Phoenixin acts in PVN and SON to control vasopressin (AVP) or oxytocin (OT) secretion. Hypothalamo‐neurohypohysial (HNS) explants released AVP but not OT in response to Phoenixin. Intracerebroventricular administration of Phoenixin into conscious, unrestrained male rats significantly increased circulating AVP, but not OT, levels in plasma. Bath application of Phoenixin in hypothalamic slice preparations resulted in depolarization of PVN neurons indicating a direct, neural action of Phoenixin in hypothalamus. Our results suggest that the newly described, hypothalamic peptide Phoenixin, in addition to its effects on hypothalamic and pituitary mechanisms controlling reproduction, may play an important role in the regulation of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. Support or Funding Information SLU President's Research Fund
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".