Nongenomic action of cortisol in rainbow trout hepatocytes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cortisol rapidly activates cell signalling in trout hepatocytes; however, the mechanisms are far from clear. We tested the hypothesis that rapid action of cortisol involves modulation of intracellular Ca 2+ levels in trout hepatocytes. Stress level of cortisol reported in fish plasma elicits a rapid increase in intracellular Ca 2+ level as determined by Fura‐2AM ratiometric imaging. The increase in intracellular Ca 2+ level in trout hepatocytes was also seen with the membrane impermeable form of the steroid (cortisol‐BSA), and this response was not affected by mifepristone (glucocorticoid receptor antagonist). We determined the role of extracellular and intracellular stores of calcium in affecting cortisol‐induced elevation in Ca 2+ levels by using EGTA (a chelator) and BAPTA‐AM (inhibitor), respectively. Furthermore, we determined if IP3R pathway was involved in the activation of intracellular stores by using various inhibitors, including PLC inhibitor (U73122), thapsigargin (SERCA blocker) and Rynodine (RyR blocker). Also, L‐type calcium channel blocker Nifedipine and Ca 2+ release‐activated Ca 2+ (CRAC) channel blocker Cpd5J‐4 were utilized to determine the mode of entry of extracellular calcium in response to cortisol stimulation. Overall, our results suggest that cortisol rapidly increases intracellular calcium levels and this may be mediated by the activation of CRAC channel in trout hepatocytes. Support or Funding Information This study was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant to MMV.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".