Development and Application of a Thermal Microstructure Model of Laminar Cooling of an API X70 Microalloyed Steel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A thermal microstructure model of laminar cooling of X70 microalloyed steel skelp was developed to predict the effect of the laminar cooling temperature profile on the through thickness skelp microstructure. Plant trials using infrared video imaging were undertaken to establish the laminar cooling conditions prevalent in the industrial cooling system. The infrared video temperature measurements were used to develop a finite element thermal model of the skelp transiting the entire laminar cooling system. Dilatometer testing of the X70 steel with cooling rates ranging from 1 °C/s to 120 °C/s was undertaken to develop the CCT curve and to quantify austenite decomposition. The predicted thermal profile from the finite element model and the phase transformation behaviour were combined into a thermal microstructural model capable of predicting the phases that would develop through the skelp thickness as a function of the laminar cooling profile. The predicted through thickness microstructures were verified from electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) phase analysis of industrially produced API X70 skelp.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".