Metamaterial-Based Series-Fed Antenna with a High Gain and Wideband Performance for Millimeter-Wave Spectrum Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a high-gain, wideband series-fed antenna designed for 5G millimeter-wave (MMW) applications. The structure employs a substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW)-based power splitter and metamaterials (MMs). The power divider functions effectively at 27.5 GHz, exhibiting an impedance bandwidth from 26.9 to 28.6 GHz. The series-fed dipole is assembled on the SIW-based power splitter, incorporating four dipoles with varying lengths and spacing. The dipoles are connected in series on both sides, running in parallel through a microstrip line. Effectively combining the resonances of the series-fed dipoles and the SIW results in a broad impedance bandwidth, ranging from 26.9 GHz to 34.75 GHz. The design has a gain extending from 9 to 10.5 dBi within the operating bandwidth. To improve gain performance without a substantial increase in antenna size, 11 × 6 MM unit cells were positioned in front of the antenna. As a result, the proposed antenna achieves a maximum gain of 14.1 dBi at 30.5 GHz while maintaining an operational bandwidth of 7.85 GHz. Additionally, due to the arrangement of the two MM-based series-fed dipoles, the antenna exhibits symmetrical dual-beam E-plane radiation at ±20° and 28 GHz in the end-fire direction. The developed system was experimentally validated and an excellent agreement between the simulated and measured data was demonstrated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".