All Digital CMOS 5-BIT Phase Interpolator at 10 Gigahertz in 65NM Technology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phase interpolators are critical blocks in some clock and data recovery (CDR) systems.These interpolators are generally implemented using current-mode logic (CML).This work presents the design of an all-digital phase interpolator based on static CMOS logic gates and cells with a 5-bit resolution.This phase interpolator demonstrates functionality with input clock frequencies of 10 GHz while maintaining relatively low power consumption and acceptable linearity.The interpolator as a standalone block was characterized through post-layout simulations using extracted parasitics and simulating across process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations.This design achieves a worstcase power consumption of 6.7mW, DNL of 0.26 LSB, INL of 0.31 LSB, and a settling time of 4 clock cycles.This phase interpolator was partially fabricated as a component of a system.The system was fabricated in the TSMC 65nm general-purpose technology and process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".