Prevalence of Anemia and its Determinants among the Rural Women of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Current study investigated prevalence of anemia and its determinants among the rural women of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. Anmeia is a major public health concern in the country, however there is a lack of research studies in the rural settings. For the prevalence of anemia, 100 respondents provided blood samples and a questionnaire was also filled from each respondent. For the determinants of anemia, key informant interviews (10) from the lady doctors were conducted. It was found that more than half of the respondents were anemic as their hemoglobin was <12.0 g/dl. Socioeconomic status, cultural and gender norms, dietary factors, reproductive factors, and other factors were the important determinants of anemia among the rural women. The study calls for the developmental interventions like improved access to iron-rich foods, promotion of education and awareness, enhancement of healthcare services, and addressing of gender disparities in the study area to combat anemia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".